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Use S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G model to analyze a conversation between a young executive with his assistant that was taken from a movie “Beauty and the Briefcase”


INFORMAL INTERACTION BETWEEN A YOUNG EXECUTIVE AND A YOUNG ASSISTANT

Mufid Zulia and Fatah Ahmadi
Ahmad Dahlan University


1.      INTRODUCTION
Language has the main role in human life. Every man in the world uses language to interact and communicate to other people to convey messages. People can express their feeling, opinion, and ideas by communicate to other people using language. In the form of language production, there are two parts; they are written and spoken language. External language applies to language in social context, i.e. behavioral habits shared by community (N. Chomsky).  
People will communicate with other people using language that is approved in its community. . A conversation will be happen if there is more than one person. Although the speakers live under the same community, they have their own style in speaking and their talks will be different if the context doesn’t same. If they talk to the older, boss, someone who never meet before, equal and the parents.
Communication and interaction are important in human life to convey the messages and express their feeling. In an interaction consist of many utterances and turns that related to Sociolinguistics study and the theories have their own role in linguistics. In this paper, writer tries to elaborate a conversation between a boss and an assistant that can be analyzed using the S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G model of Hymess.
 In this paper, writer analyzed about the implementation of using informal style in a conversation between a young executive with his assistant that was taken from a movie “Beauty and the Briefcase” based on the theories in Linguistics.


2.     DISCUSSION
A.    S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G  ANALYSIS

The S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G model by Hymes is an identification of some aspects of an interaction that consist of some points based on the first letter of each component. The finding can be seen as following explanation:
·         SETTING AND SCENE
Setting:
Place
·         “A” was in a company (indoor)
The evidence:
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!”
·         “Q” was in the house. “Q” didn’t go anywhere because she thought that the boss fired her and she became a jobless.
The evidence:
A: “What do you mean? Let me eat my breakfast”
A: “Did you forget that you fired me?”
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
Time:
It was happen in the morning at working hour.
The evidences:
A: “What do you mean? Let me eat my breakfast.
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”
Scene:
It was a panic situation and it was very busy and complicated before a meeting with the investors to attract them invests in the department to make a partnership and corporation.
The evidences:
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”

·         PARTICIPANTS
There are two participants; they are a boss “Q” and an assistant “A”.
-          Speaker     : Q (the boss)
-          Addressee  : A (his assistant)
-          Addressor  : The company
-          Audience   : A (assistant)
There were many commands from the boss.
The evidences:
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
A: “Did you forget that you fired me?”
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!”
A: “thank you for being my boss again. I’ll be there in thirty minutes.”

·         ENDS
Participant
Purpose
Goals
Outcomes
Boss
Asking for help
To have a good presentation 
To get a big investment from the business partner.
Assistant
To help the boss
To impress other people
To get  her job back, get salary, and promotion

·         ACT SEQUENCE
Content:
The topic: clarify a misunderstanding and asking for help for a presentation with and investor.
The evidences:
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
A: “That’s what it sounded like to me.”
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.

Form:
1.      The boss came to the office.
2.      The boss found that his assistant didn’t come.
3.      The boss picked his phone up and dialed the number to call.
4.      The boss asked the assistant to bring a visual media for presentation.
5.      The assistant felt that the company didn’t need her anymore.
6.      The boss told to his assistant that he needed her to come to the office.
7.      The assistant refused it.
8.      The boss clarified the situation.
9.      The assistant was agree and promised to come to the office and bring the media for presentation.

·         KEY
The key of power of the boss:
-          The boss had right to fire his employees.
-          The boss had power to ask the assistant to do anything.
Evidences:
A: “Did you forget that you fired me?”
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”
Q: “Well. Then run to the printer’s! ”
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!”

·         INSTRUMENTALITIES
Channel:
The conversation traveled by phone because “Q” (the boss) asked where was “A” at that time. It is impossible for a person asking “where are you” if they talk directly and can see each other in the same place.
-          The evidence:
Q: “Where are you?”
A: “What do you mean? Let me eat my breakfast.”
Code:
Although the conversation was between a boss and his assistance, the form of speech was a casual register. It happened because both of them were on the same age and “A” called “Q” without honorific so “A” called “Q” by “Q” name though he was the boss.
-          The evidences:
A: “What do you mean? Let me eat my breakfast.
A: “Tom, Everyone is mad at me. I lied to everyone.

·         NORMS
Interaction:
“Q “(the boss) had much turn than “A” (the assistant) because he built the conversation and more diligent than “A”. In the dialog, “Q” made some commands and suggestions to A that showed he was a smart man.

-          The evidences:
Q: “Where are you?”
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals. ”
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!”
Q: “Well. Then run to the printer’s!


Interpretation:
The problem in the conversation was the boss needed his assistant to bring a visual media for a presentation with investor but the assistant got a trouble because she lied to anyone in the company.
-          The evidences:
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
Q: “I was just upset with you. The presentation is in two hours and I need those visuals.”
Q: “Lane, this isn’t the seventh grade. It’s investment banking. Now, get me those boards!
A: “Tom, Everyone is mad at me. I lied to everyone. )”

·         GENRE
-          Informal: two ways participation and interruption were allowed.
-          The evidences:
Q: “Where are you?
A: “What do you mean? Let me eat my breakfast.”
Q: “Did you forget? We have a presentation today
A: “Did you forget that you fired me?”
Q: “I didn’t fire you.”
A: “That’s what it sounded like to me.



3.     CONCLUSION

By the analysis about a conversation from a movie, writer found some points below:
1.      Writer found informal style in a conversation between a young executive with his assistant that was taken from a movie “Beauty and the Briefcase”.
2.      Politeness is about how the participants of the conversation showing respect each other. Because of they were equals, so they used informal form that didn’t need any politeness rules like in a conversation with the older.
3.      As the participant of the conversation were equal, the S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G model of Hymes on the part of genre was informal that allowed them to interrupt the conversation.



REFERENCES

Hornby, A. S. 1995. Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hymes, Dell. 1994. Linguistics Communication and Speech act. MIT Press.
Mey, Jacob L. 1993. Pragmatics: An Introduction. Great Britain: T. J. Press.
Yule, George. 1996. The Study of Language Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.



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